Car-wheel.



.SAMUEL l?. BUSH, F COLUMBUS, lOl-HG.

CRMNHEEL.

Speccation of Letters Patent.

Patented June 28, 1906.

Application led December 2, 1904. Serial lim 235,230..

To @ZZ whom it irl/ty concern:

Be it known that l, SAMUEL P. BUSH, a resident of Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ghio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Car-JVheelsg and l do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descri tion of the invention, such as will enable ot ers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make. and use the same.

My invention relates to an improvementl in car-Wheels, the object of the invention being to provide a cast-metal Wheel free from hollows or other imperfections dueto uneven shrinkage of the metal and accomplish this result Without the employment of sinkfheads, such'as heretofore necessary.

It is well known in the art of casting metals into various articles-such, for instance, as car-Wheels-that the metal passes from a molten condition into a solid, a condition which must be provided for, and that as the sections of metal in the casting become heavier the exterior congeals and cools in ad vance of the metal in the interior and that in consequence the exterior more rapidly cool ing metal Will draw from the molten interior metal, so that unless the supply of molten metal is maintained until the Whole body of the casting has become solidified certain'void or hollow spaces will be found in the interior of the casting. The usual method of preventing such voids and making the casting solid is to provide a sink-head or riser having a sulliciently-large section and as large or larger than the section to which it is attached and projecting above the highest points of the casting which it is desired to solidify. ,Vhen the molten metal is poured into the mold, it is also made to lill the space provided for the risers or sink-heads. Then as the casting contracts and solidiiies the risers or sink-heads act as rreservoirs from which to replenish the supply of molten metal as it is required, and thus operates automatically.

This process of making solid or shrinking castings is particularly important when emplo ying steel, as steel shrinks or contracts more than certain other metals, and it requires a large quantity of metal to 'lill the risers or sink-heads and requires the expenditure of considerable time and labor to remove them after the casting has been made. My invention obviates the necessity for the employment of these sink-heads or risers, and the Wheel is stronger and better able to withstand the necessary strains and stresses to Which it is subjected; and the invention consists in certain novel features of construction, as Will be 'more fully hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

ln the accompanying drawings, Fi ure l is a view in vertical section of a mold, i lu'strating the manner of making the Wheel. Fig. 2 is a view in section of a Wheel complete, and Fig. 3 'is a sectional vieW of a modiiiedconstruction of Wheel.

l represents a mold for a car-Wheel, and

2 represents metal rods or bars bent into curved form. vne ring, so formed encircles the hub portion of the casting-.and is locatedcentrally therein, and the other ring, of large diameter, encircles the rim portion of its casting and is approximately in the center, thereof. These bars or rings 2 are preferably cold or of the temperature of the surrounding atmosphere. They are so located and secured in the mold to have the molten metal completely envelop them. Other forms of pieces may be used, and three rings, as shown in Fig. 3, might be employed. The pieces 2 may be of various shapes and anynumber may be employed;

but l preferably use fibrous or other metal rods bent into ring formation, ,as shown. When the molten metal is poured into the mold, it gradually surrounds these pieces 2,- vvhich being cold` causes the metal in contact therewith to suddenly cool and congeal as it envelops the pieces, so that when the mold has been filled and pouring completed solidi- 'lication throughout the sections surrounding the pieces 2 will have been, accomplished without the aid of sink-heads or 'risers of the usual proportions, if at all. This process has been found very effective, particularly as the shrinking pieces 2 become fused with the metal that is poured into the mold and are therefore integral and incorporated with the Wheel, and the result is a wheel of greater strength and durability, for the pieces 2 add considerable strength thereto.

The action of the brake-shoes on the carwheels is to generate considerable'heat, and the Wheels are thereforesubjected to varying sudden changes of temperature, which owing to the expansion and contraction of the Wheels is liable to lcrack them'. The insertpieces 2 which l employ serve to prevent cracking of the Wheels under such conditions,

as they dei, as binders to hold the mass of merel together.

Slight changes might be made in the general details Set forth, and I Wish it understood that; l may make various changes without Cleparting from my invention.

Having fully described my invention, what 1. claim es new, und desire to secure by' Letters Patent, is- Y l. A east-metal wheel having a metal shrinkpiece embedded therein and comw pletely enveloped at every point by the metal of' the casting.

2. A casfmetal Wheel having en annular metal shrink-piece embedded in the treed portion thereof and completely' euveloped el, every point by the metal ol' the meting. y

3. A east-metal wheel having embedded in its tread and hub portions, annular metal shrinlvpieees, each of; Said Shr1nl -pieCeS being completely enveloped et every pointby fthe metal of the casting.

In testimony whereof I have signed this speeieetion 1n the presence of two subscriblng Witnesses.

SAMUEL l?. BUSH.

7i/Vtnesses:

S. W. FOSTER, R. S. FERGUSON. 

